The Useless-/Usefulness of Argumentation: The Dao of Disputation

Abstract

This essay answers the call for comparative studies of argumentation by examining Daoist (Taoist) approaches to argumentation. Through analysis of the works of Laozi (Lao Tzu) and Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu), this essay moves beyond the admonitions against argument found in previous research, and articulates principles of argumentation that stem from the Daoist worldview. It will be shown that Daoism, while differing in many key assumptions about the role and methods of argumentation, is a useful addition to western theorizing about argumentation, enhancing our understanding of human discursive practices. Daoist argumentation focuses on knowledge rather than truth, processes rather than products, and comprehensive interdependence rather than distinction and categorization. Daoist argument does not seek a reduction in uncertainty, such as a conclusion or decision, but rather welcomes ambiguity and opens up possibilities by questioning dubious claims and overgeneralizations.

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