How Joint Is the Joint Attention of Apes and Human Infants?

Malinda Carpenter · Josep Call

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Child and Animal Learning Development Primate Behavior and Ecology Social Robot Interaction and HRI

Abstract

Abstract This chapter first argues (following Tomasello, 1995) that for joint attention to be truly joint, rather than just parallel attention to the same thing, participants need to know together that they are sharing attention. The chapter examines the existing empirical evidence to determine whether nonhuman apes—and when human infants—engage in joint attention using this definition. The conclusion is that whereas human infants engage in truly joint joint attention by 1 year of age, there is so far little if any convincing evidence that chimpanzees and other apes do. The chapter ends by discussing possible reasons for differences between humans and apes in joint attention and other related abilities such as joint action.

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References

1998Social Cognition, Joint Attention, and Communicative Competence from 9 to 15 Months of Age 2008Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? 30 years later 1984Coordinating Attention to People and Objects in Mother-Infant and Peer-Infant Interaction 1975The Acquisition of Performatives Prior to Speech.1995Joint attention as social cognition.2001Do chimpanzees know what conspecifics know?2002The importance of eyes: How infants interpret adult looking behavior.1998Five primate species follow the visual gaze of conspecifics

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2017The mismeasure of ape social cognition 2015Joint attention, shared goals, and social bonding 2021Joint Attention in Human and Chimpanzee Infants in Varied Socio-Ecological Contexts 2018Animal pointing: Changing trends and findings from 30 years of research.2021Sharing Experiences in Infancy: From Primary Intersubjectivity to Shared Intentionality 2016Tactless scientists: Ignoring touch in the study of joint attention

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