How Women Cope: Being a Numerical Minority in a Male-Dominated Profession

Laura Smart Richman · Michelle R. vanDellen · Wendy Wood

114 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Social Issues

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Career Development and Diversity Social and Intergroup Psychology Gender Diversity and Inequality

Abstract

Women who have academic careers in engineering have successfully navigated the social identity threats that prevent many other women from feeling that they belong in science, technology, engineering, and math fields. In this research, we examined what factors may be related to resilience in these academic environments. Female academics in engineering and nonengineering fields watched a fictitious conference video depicting either an unbalanced ratio of men to women or a balanced ratio. Subjective measures of identity threat were collected. Past experience with discrimination, positive experience with female role models, family support, and general social support were associated with a greater sense of belonging to or desire to participate in the conference. These variables all buffered negative responding to social identity threat. Implications are discussed for understanding resilience to social identity threat, particularly among women in engineering.

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References

1978Men and Women of the Corporation.1997A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance.1978Men and Women of the Corporation 1997Racial Differences in Physical and Mental Health 1983Positive Events and Social Supports as Buffers of Life Change Stress 1 2007A question of belonging: Race, social fit, and achievement.2008Through the labyrinth: the truth about how women become leaders 2008An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance.

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2016Resilience: A Review Using a Grounded Integrated Occupational Approach 2016Resilience: A Review Using a Grounded Integrated Occupational Approach 2017Promoted Up But Also Out? The Unintended Consequences of Increasing Women’s Representation in Managerial Roles in Engineering 2018It’s Not Black and White: Toward a Contingency Perspective on the Consequences of Being a Token 2020Employee voice at work: the role of employees’ gender, self-efficacy beliefs, and leadership

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