The effects of athletic scholarships on motivation in sport

Nikola Medic · Diane E. Mack · Philip M. Wilson · Janet L. Starkes

51 citations0/0 files storedBrock University Digital Repository (Brock University)

No readable copy stored yet — this record is metadata only.

No open-access location is known for this record yet.

Literature note Cite in a project Citation map

Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports Education, Achievement, and Giftedness Sport Psychology and Performance

Abstract

The presence of rewards has been found to undermine intrinsic motivation (Deci & Ryan, 1999). This conclusion is primarily based on research conducted in non-sporting environments. The purpose of this study was to examine perceived motivational changes resulting from the hypothetical manipulation of a reward (i.e., athletic scholarships). Differences in "present" motivation between scholarship and non-scholarship athletes were also assessed. Gender, life roles, and sport experience were also examined in relation to scholarship status. Basketball players from four Ontario (n = 70) and seven U.S. Division I universities (n = 46) were examined. All athletes completed a set of demographic questions, as well as questions from the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS; Pelletier, Fortier, Vallerand, Tuson, Briere, & Blais, 1995) which assessed their "present" motivation. Athletes also completed the SMS to evaluate their "perceived future" motivation based on a hypothetical manipulation of the scholarship status. For Ontario non-scholarship athletes, extrinsic regulation (an extrinsic motive) increased with the introduction of a scholarship and the intrinsic motive to experience stimulation decreased. For U.S. scholarship athletes, the intrinsic motive to accomplish things decreased when scholarships were removed. When the two scholarship status groups were compared across "present" levels of motivation, U.S. scholarship males reported significantly higher levels of introjected regulation compared to Ontario non-scholarship males. Ontario non-scholarship females reported significantly higher levels of introjected regulation compared to U.S. scholarship females. U.S. scholarship athletes reported significantly higher levels of external regulation compared to Ontario non-scholarship athletes. Results offer partial support for self-determination theory. Implications for future research are discussed.

Paper brief

Loading…

Cite this work

Citation unavailable for this work.

BibTeX RIS CSL-JSON

No public copy is stored for this record, so only the metadata is cited.

Citations in this library

Citation map →

Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 51 citations exist upstream.

References

1985Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior 2000Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions 1988Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior 1953Science and Human Behavior 1999A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation.2004Handbook of Self-Determination Research 1971Effects of externally mediated rewards on intrinsic motivation.1997Toward A Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

Cited by

2013Scholarship status, controlling coaching behavior, and intrinsic motivation in collegiate swimmers: A test of cognitive evaluation theory.2013Perceptions of five-year competitive categories: model of how relative age influences competitiveness in masters sport.2012Motivational factors related to female participation in collegiate sports

Explore the map →

Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.

Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.