PRINCIPLES OF ERROR THEORY AND CARTOGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Abstract : One of the most useful contributions of error theory is the precision index which identifies the error distribution and specifies the probability that the true error in a quantity does not exceed a certain value. This situation is applicable to the evaluation of map and geodetic information, in that it makes possible meaningful accuracy statements having interpretation, and is compatible with established map accuracy standards which specify limits of permissible error in various categories. Standardized procedures and supporting theory for computing linear, circular, and spherical precision indexes are presented. The recommended procedure for computing the circular or spherical standard error from linear standard errors in X and Y, or X, Y, and Z directions, respectively, is to average the linear standard errors. Other precision indexes in the same error distribution are easily computed from the linear, circular, and spherical standard errors -- the most important precision indexes.

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