A Taxonomy of European Labour Markets Using Quality Indicators

Lucie Davoine · Christine Erhel · Mathilde Guergoat-Larivière

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Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies Labor market dynamics and wage inequality Social Policy and Reform Studies

Abstract

The report proposes a critical approach of European job quality indicators. It relies on both theoreti-cal and empirical analysis, and shows the necessity to introduce complementary variables, such as wages, working conditions and training duration. Comparative results for the EU 27 confirm the heterogeneity of job quality across Europe. Besides, time series analysis shows an upward trend of job quality in Europe since 1994, with a few exceptions. On the whole empirical investigations do not reveal any trade off between quantitative performances and job quality levels. Key words: Labour market comparisons, job quality, European Employment Strategy, training and education policies, working conditions, gender. Les marchés du travail européens: une typologie sur la base d’indicateurs de qualité de l’emploi RÉSUMÉ Ce rapport propose une approche critique des indicateurs européens de la qualité de l’emploi tels qu’ils ont été définis au sommet de Laeken en 2001. Il repose sur une analyse théorique et empiri-que, et montre la nécessité d’introduire des variables complémentaires telles que les salaires, les conditions de travail et la durée de formation. Les comparaisons menées sur les 27 pays membres de l’Union européenne confirment l’hétérogénéité de la qualité de l’emploi en l’Europe. De plus, une analyse longitudinale montre que la qualité de l’emploi a tendance à augmenter depuis 1994, à quelques exceptions près. Dans l’ensemble, les résultats empiriques ne révèlent aucune contradic-tion entre performances quantitatives du marché du travail et niveaux de qualité de l’emploi. Mots clés: comparaisons des marchés du travail, qualité de l’emploi, politiques de formation et d’éducation, Stratégie européenne pour l’emploi (SEE), conditions de travail, genre.

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