Article2009

Cognitive impairment and functioning in PTSD related to intimate partner violence

Elizabeth W. Twamley · Carolyn B. Allard · Steven R. Thorp · Sonya B. Norman · Shadha Hami Cissell · KELLY HUGHES BERARDI +2 more

170 citations0/0 files storedJournal of the International Neuropsychological Society

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Child Abuse and Trauma Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with neuropsychological impairments across multiple domains, but consensus regarding the cognitive profile of PTSD has not been reached. In this study of women with PTSD related to intimate partner violence (n = 55) and healthy, demographically similar comparison participants (NCs; n = 20), we attempted to control for many potential confounds in PTSD samples. All participants were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery emphasizing executive functioning, including inhibition, switching, and abstraction. NCs outperformed PTSD participants on most neuropsychological measures, but the differences were significant only on speeded tasks (with and without executive functioning components). The PTSD group's mean performance was within the average range on all neuropsychological tests. Within the PTSD group, more severe PTSD symptoms were associated with slower processing speed, and more severe dissociative symptoms were associated with poorer reasoning performance. These results suggest that women with PTSD related to intimate partner violence demonstrate slower than normal processing speed, which is associated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms. We speculate that the cognitive slowing seen in PTSD may be attributable to reduced attention due to a need to allocate resources to cope with psychological distress or unpleasant internal experiences.

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References

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2020Dysregulation of inflammation, neurobiology, and cognitive function in PTSD: an integrative review 2013Child maltreatment and later cognitive functioning: a systematic review 2014Patterns, aetiology and risk factors of intimate partner violence-related injuries to head, neck and face in Chinese women 2016The Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Call for Interdisciplinary Research 2021Non-communicable diseases among women survivors of intimate partner violence: Critical review from a chronic stress framework

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