CONFIANCE EXCESSIVE: CONNAISSANCES ET CROYANCES

Abstract

It had already been found (Lamarche 1988; Oskamp 1965) that the overconfidence shown in answering a question increased with the number of new informations given. The objective of our research was to verify if there was a relation between that phenomenon, obtained with knowledge questions, and the evolution of confidence, in the same circumstances, when belief questions are involved. On the one hand, we presented to our subjects knowledge questions which were repeated with a growing number of clues; on the other hand, the same subjects were asked to form an impression of a person based on a list of traits presented sequentially. Using a calibration index, we were able to observe anew the growing overconfidence with knowledge questions. However, in the case of beliefs, the confidence level did not grow in the same way. We explain that result by our choice of traits. Nevertheless, there was a relation between the increase of confidence and the decrease of calibration. We think this could be the result of a lack of involvement with the belief questionnaire which is less so when answered first.

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