Article1985

The Empirical Performance of Measures of Association in the 2×2 Table

Ralph A. Alexander · George M. Alliger · Kenneth P. Carson · Gerald V. Barrett

10 citations0/0 files storedEducational and Psychological Measurement

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Multidisciplinary Science and Engineering Research Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Reliability and Agreement in Measurement

Abstract

A comparison of various measures of association for 2 x 2 data was carried out by computer analysis. Bivariate normal population distributions of known p were generated and divided into quadrants, yielding a total of 1,539 2 x 2 tables. For each of these tables, 14 measures of association were calculated and evaluated against the underlying p. A recently developed measure of association based on the odds-ratio (Chambers, 1982) appeared to be the most accurate in capturing the p underlying a majority of 2×2 tables. The phi coefficient, despite its continuing popularity, was found to be relatively inaccurate under most conditions studied.

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References

1962A New Asymmetric Measure of Association for Ordinal Variables 1983Measures of Association 1961The Nature of the Data, or How to Choose a Correlation Coefficient 1973On the Validity of Measures of Association: The Nominal-Nominal, Two-by-Two Case

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