A Public Service Code of Ethics Applied in a Transitional Setting: The Case of Estonia

Abstract

This case study describes the application of the public service code of ethics adopted by Estonia, a country that shed communist rule in 1991. It demonstrates the problems challenging a public service in transition, such as the need to redefine the role of public service, coordination issues, enforcement problems and an implementation gap, and a legalistic approach to public administration. The code exemplifies Estonia's chaotic and inconsistent reform efforts but has nonetheless had a positive impact.

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