Analysis of the Museum Lighting Environment

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study is to accurately characterize the status of exhibition lighting so that design can be improved through informed decision making. Without knowledge of stakeholder expectations and existing conditions, decision making by designers and museum personnel is ineffective and design improvement is unlikely. Research Design The expectations of decision maker and visitor stakeholders were determined via a survey of 130 decision makers (museum personnel and designers) and 427 museum visitors. Problems associated with existing conditions were assessed via a comprehensive evaluation using instrument–based lighting measures applied in 39 electrically–lit and daylit galleries (rooms) in 22 U.S. museums. Mismatches between expectations and existing exhibition lighting conditions were summarized. Analysis Factor analysis was used to consolidate the data. The Friedman test was applied to determine significant differences between mean factor responses. Key Findings Decision makers and visitors have different expectations. Neither group's priority expectations are met in existing conditions. The major problem among decision makers is daylight management for artifact preservation in daylit galleries. The major problem for visitors is artifact appearance and visibility. Conclusions Successful design depends on informed decision making, which must be based on documented evidence, not speculation, and should address stakeholders’ expectations and field performance problems. Prioritized design recommendations are given.

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