Studying for the sake of others: the role of social goals on academic engagement

Ronnel Bornasal King · Dennis M. McInerney · David Watkins

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Abstract

Much of the research on achievement goal theory has focused on the roles of mastery and performance goals in academic engagement, thus the role of other goals such as social goals has mostly been neglected. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of different kinds of social goals (affiliation, approval, concern, responsibility and status goals) on the different facets of academic engagement. A total of 1147 Filipino secondary school students answered questionnaires assessing their social goals, achievement goals and academic engagement. Hierarchical regression analyses were employed to investigate the effects of social goals on academic engagement after controlling the effects of mastery and performance goals. Results indicate that certain kinds of social goals are also important predictors of academic engagement. We recommend that researchers consider investigating social goals that might be more salient in cross-cultural settings instead of focusing exclusively on mastery and performance goals.

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References

1991Culture and the Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation 1983Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values.2004School Engagement: Potential of the Concept, State of the Evidence 1988A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality.1992Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation.2013Handbook of Competence and Motivation 1984Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance.2001A 2 × 2 achievement goal framework.

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2016Grit and Determination: A Review of Literature With Implications for Theory and Research 2016Gender differences in motivation, engagement and achievement are related to students' perceptions of peer—but not of parent or teacher—attitudes toward school 2015Academic and social achievement goals: Their additive, interactive, and specialized effects on school functioning 2014Motivation Gap and Achievement Gap Between Public and Private High Schools in the Philippines 2013The Social Underpinnings of Motivation and Achievement: Investigating the Role of Parents, Teachers, and Peers on Academic Outcomes

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