Spousal Concordance in Attitudes Toward Violence and Reported Physical Abuse in African Couples

Amina Paula Alio · Heather Breeze Clayton · Madeleine Garba · Alfred K. Mbah · Ellen M. Daley · Hamisu Mohammed Salihu

47 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Interpersonal Violence

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Elder Abuse and Neglect Marriage and Sexual Relationships

Abstract

PURPOSE: We examined the potential association between African couples' concordance on attitudes toward violence (ATV) and risk for intimate partner violence (IPV). METHOD: Analyses included 13,837 couples from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2003 and 2007, from six African countries. Concordance on ATV was defined as both spouses justifying physical abuse, and IPV was defined as incidence of a physically violent act against the wife. We constructed a concordance measure from the surveys to assess overall and country-level differences in couple's ATV concordance rates and assessed the association between concordance in ATV and IPV using hierarchical regression modeling that adjusted for multilevel influences on risk estimates. Negative concordance (perfect agreement in negative ATV) was used as referent category in all analyses. FINDINGS: Overall, spousal ATV concordance was associated with higher likelihood for IPV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [2.01, 2.56]). The level of wealth, educational attainment, rural/urban residence, presence of a cowife, religion, maternal age, and parity were characteristics that predicted the occurrence of IPV within couples. Spousal ATV concordance was significantly associated with violence in every African nation included in the analysis except Rwanda. CONCLUSIONS: African couples with high rates of ATV concor- dance experience higher risks for IPV, with some variation in magnitude of risk across countries. In African settings, ATV positive concordance could serve as a supplemental screening tool to detect spousal violence. Understanding ATV could potentially enhance our ability to formulate public health intervention to detect and prevent spousal abuse.

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References

1978Social Learning Theory.2006Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence 2003Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2003Women's Status and Domestic Violence in Rural Bangladesh: Individual- and Community-Level Effects 2002The Span of Collective Efficacy: Extending Social Disorganization Theory to Partner Violence 2000Neighborhood Poverty as a Predictor of Intimate Partner Violence Among White, Black, and Hispanic Couples in the United States 2003Domestic violence in rural Uganda: evidence from a community-based study.2003Neighborhood Disadvantage, Individual Economic Distress and Violence Against Women in Intimate Relationships

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