Adults with dyslexia are impaired in categorizing speech and nonspeech sounds on the basis of temporal cues

Maaike Vandermosten · Bart Boets · Heleen Luts · Hanne Poelmans · Narly Golestani A · Jan M Wouters +1 more

139 citations0/0 files storedProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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Reading and Literacy Development Phonetics and Phonology Research Neuroscience and Music Perception

Abstract

Developmental dyslexia is characterized by severe reading and spelling difficulties that are persistent and resistant to the usual didactic measures and remedial efforts. It is well established that a major cause of these problems lies in poorly specified representations of speech sounds. One hypothesis states that this phonological deficit results from a more fundamental deficit in auditory processing. Despite substantial research effort, the specific nature of these auditory problems remains debated. A first controversy concerns the speech specificity of the auditory processing problems: Can they be reduced to more basic auditory processing, or are they specific to the perception of speech sounds? A second topic of debate concerns the extent to which the auditory problems are specific to the processing of rapidly changing temporal information or whether they encompass a broader range of complex spectro-temporal processing. By applying a balanced design with stimuli that were adequately controlled for acoustic complexity, we show that adults with dyslexia are specifically impaired at categorizing speech and nonspeech sounds that differ in terms of rapidly changing acoustic cues (i.e., temporal cues), but that they perform adequately when categorizing steady-state speech and nonspeech sounds. Thus, we show that individuals with dyslexia have an auditory temporal processing deficit that is not speech-specific.

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References

2011Praat: Doing Phonetics by Computer 2001Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III 2003Theories of developmental dyslexia: insights from a multiple case study of dyslexic adults 1980Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children 2000The neurological basis of developmental dyslexia: An overview and working hypothesis 1997Speech Perception Deficits in Poor Readers: Auditory Processing or Phonological Coding?1996Auditory Neurophysiologic Responses and Discrimination Deficits in Children with Learning Problems 1989Speech perception and the discrimination of brief auditory cues in reading disabled children

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2012The dyslexia debate 2019Understanding Dyslexia Through Personalized Large-Scale Computational Models 2011Impairments in speech and nonspeech sound categorization in children with dyslexia are driven by temporal processing difficulties 2015The Categorical Perception Deficit in Dyslexia: A Meta-Analysis 2013Knockdown of the Dyslexia-Associated Gene Kiaa0319 Impairs Temporal Responses to Speech Stimuli in Rat Primary Auditory Cortex

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