Achievement Motivation and Ordinal Position of Birth

Abstract

To investigate the relationship between birth order, sex, and achievement motivation, two studies were conducted using Costello's (1967) non-projective instrument which purports to measure two aspects of the achievement motivation construct (Scale I, the need to achieve on a task and Scale II, the need to be a success). Neither study revealed a significant relationship between birth order and achievement motivation, nor were there any significant interactions involving the birth order factor. There was, however, a significant sex main effect found in both studies, but in one study only was there a significant difference on Scale II between males and females, with females scoring higher, while in the other study females scored significantly higher than males on both Scales I and II. Interpretations were offered.

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