Article1983

Patterns of Friendship

305 citations0/0 files storedChild Development

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Early Childhood Education and Development Child and Animal Learning Development

Abstract

HOWES, CAROLEE. Patterns of Friendship. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1983, 54, 1041-1053. Patterns of friendship were compared within 5 groups of young children. 3 groups were in a child-care center serving infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. 2 groups, 1 made up oftoddlers and 1 of preschoolers, were in programs for emotionally disturbed children. Friendships, defined as mutual preference for interaction, skill at complementary and reciprocal peer play, and shared positive affect, were observed in all groups. Younger children had fewer and more stable friendships. Emotionally disturbed children limited their friendships to single partners and returned to these partners following disruptions in the friendship. Over a school year, the greatest increases in complexity of social interaction were observed within stable friendship pairs.

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References

1979Social Interactions of Young Abused Children: Approach, Avoidance, and Aggression 1975Social Interaction, Social Competence, and Friendship in Children

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1987Child's play with adults, toys, and peers: An examination of family and child-care influences.2003The Friendship Features of Preschool Children: Links with Prosocial Behavior and Aggression 2002The Origins of Reciprocity and Social Exchange in Friendships 1990Social And Personality Development 1987Social competence with peers in young children: Developmental sequences 1994Preschoolers' prosocial responses to their peers' distress.2006Behavioral Characteristics Associated with Stable and Fluid Best Friendship Patterns in Middle Childhood 2004Probing the Adaptive Significance of Children’s Behavior and Relationships in the School Context: A Child by Environment Perspective

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