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A Spiral of Silence for Some: Attitude Certainty and the Expression of Political Minority Opinions

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References

1997The Psychology of Attitudes7,143 cited
1974The Spiral of Silence a Theory of Public Opinion2,347 cited
1986The Spiral of Silence: Public Opinion-Our Social Skin.1,379 cited
2014Attitude Strength1,287 cited
2009Political Discussion Frequency, Network Size, and “Heterogeneity” of Discussion as Predictors of Political Knowledge and Participation508 cited
2000TWENTY-FIVE YEARS OF THE SPIRAL OF SILENCE: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW AND EMPIRICAL OUTLOOK331 cited
1997Perceived Support for One's Opinions and Willingness to Speak Out: A Meta-Analysis of Survey Studies on the "Spiral of Silence"317 cited
2008Social-Psychological Influences on Opinion Expression in Face-to-Face and Computer-Mediated Communication315 cited
1981Communication—Research218 cited
2001The Spiral of Silence and Public Opinion on Affirmative Action205 cited

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2016Social media and political discussion: when online presence silences offline conversation193 cited
2014Public Opinion As a Source of Deinstitutionalization: A “Spiral of Silence” Approach159 cited
2014Building Buzz158 cited
2013Google search patterns suggest declining interest in the environment

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2013Gay Bullying and Online Opinion Expression117 cited

2021Political Polarization: Challenges, Opportunities, and Hope for Consumer Welfare, Marketers, and Public Policy108 cited

2015Same Spiral, Different Day? Testing the Spiral of Silence Across Issue Types106 cited

2017When does individuals’ willingness to speak out increase on social media? Perceived social support and perceived power/control103 cited

2014Unspeaking on Facebook? Testing network effects on self-censorship of political expressions in social network sites98 cited

2019Free Speech and Safe Spaces: How Moderation Policies Shape Online Discussion Spaces97 cited

2023Is brand activism an emotional affair? The role of moral emotions in consumer responses to brand activism96 cited

2016What Do We Fear? Expected Sanctions for Expressing Minority Opinions in Offline and Online Communication94 cited

2019A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Cross-Cutting Exposure on Political Participation94 cited

2014Observing the "Spiral" in the Spiral of Silence90 cited

2019Expressing and Challenging Racist Discourse on Facebook: How Social Media Weaken the “Spiral of Silence” Theory87 cited