Instruction in Reading Comprehension for Primary-Grade Students

Joanna P. Williams

139 citations0/0 files storedThe Journal of Special Education

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Reading and Literacy Development Behavioral and Psychological Studies Second Language Acquisition and Learning

Abstract

The studies described here are designed to teach reading comprehension to at-risk students in the second and third grades. The focus is on text structure. First, there is an evaluation of a program that teaches students to identify themes of stories and apply those themes to real life; this instruction goes beyond the plot-level focus of typical primary-grade instruction. Second, an instructional program that teaches a common expository text structure, compare/contrast, is evaluated in a series of studies; content similar to science content typically taught at the primary level is used. The results of these studies suggest that at-risk children in the primary grades can achieve gains in comprehension, including the ability to transfer what they have learned to novel texts, when they are given highly structured and explicit instruction that focuses on text structure.

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References

1991Handbook of reading research 1984Reciprocal Teaching of Comprehension-Fostering and Comprehension-Monitoring Activities 2000Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction 1995The Handbook of Research Synthesis.2019Advances in Instructional Psychology 1989Rocky Roads to Transfer: Rethinking Mechanism of a Neglected Phenomenon 2011What Research Has to Say About Reading Instruction 2014Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests–Revised

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2008Making the Very Most of Classroom Read‐Alouds to Promote Comprehension and Vocabulary 2011Cognitive Strategy Instruction for Improving Expository Text Comprehension of Students with Learning Disabilities: The Quality of Evidence 2008The Effects of the Paraphrasing Strategy on the Reading Comprehension of Middle School Students at Risk for Failure in Reading 2010Improvement in reading rate under independent and difficult text levels: Influences on word and comprehension skills.2012Evidence‐Based Strategies for Improving the Reading Comprehension of Secondary Students: Implications for Students with Learning Disabilities

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