Moral judgment and its relation to second-order theory of mind.

Genyue Fu · Wen Xiao · Melanie Killen · Kang Lee

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Child and Animal Learning Development Emotions and Moral Behavior Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment

Abstract

Recent research indicates that moral judgment and 1st-order theory of mind abilities are related. What is not known, however, is how 2nd-order theory of mind is related to moral judgment. In the present study, we extended previous findings by administering a morally relevant theory of mind task (an accidental transgressor) to 4- to 7-year-old Chinese children (N = 79) and analyzing connections with 2nd-order theory of mind understanding. Using hierarchical multiple regression analyses, we found that above and beyond age, children's 1st-order theory of mind and 2nd-order theory of mind each significantly and uniquely contributed to children's moral evaluations of the intention in the accidental transgression. These findings highlight the important roles that 1st- and 2nd-order theory of mind play in leading children to make appropriate moral judgments based on an actor's intention in a social situation.

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References

1932A Handbook of Child Psychology 1983Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception 2004Scaling of Theory-of-Mind Tasks 1985“John thinks that Mary thinks that…” attribution of second-order beliefs by 5- to 10-year-old children 1988Children's Understanding of Representational Change and Its Relation to the Understanding of False Belief and the Appearance-Reality Distinction 2001Intentions and Intentionality: Foundations of Social Cognition 1994Preschoolers can attribute second-order beliefs.2011The accidental transgressor: Morally-relevant theory of mind

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