Production of formulaic expressions in L2 Chinese: A developmental investigation in a study abroad context

Naoko Taguchi · Shuai Li · Feng Xiao

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Second Language Acquisition and Learning EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning Language Development and Disorders

Abstract

Abstract This study investigated the development of L2 Chinese formulaic competence in a study abroad context. Participants were 31 American students studying Chinese in a university in China (intermediate-level). They completed a computerized speaking test consisting of 24 formulae-use situations twice during their semester-long study abroad in China. The learners produced a formulaic expression according to each situation, and their production was evaluated on appropriateness (rated on a four-point scale by native speakers) and planning time. In addition, a survey was administered to gather information about the learners' perceived frequency of encounter with formulae-use situations. The learners showed significant gains on appropriateness and fluency. Reported frequency of encounter with target formulae-use situations did not correlate with the gains in formulae production, except for the learners with lower pretest score. Qualitative analysis revealed four patterns of change: (1) change toward target formulae, (2) change toward target-like slot-and-frame patterns, (3) change toward non-target formulae; and (4) stabilized non-target formulae use.

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2003Metaphors We Live By 2016Principles of Pragmatics 2020Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence 2021Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence 2002Formulaic Language and the Lexicon 1983Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Failure 1994Lexical Phrases and Language Teaching 2003Pragmatic Development in a Second Language

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2017Learning Chinese Formulaic Expressions in a Scenario‐Based Interactive Environment 2018The Acquisition of Conventional Expressions as a Pragmalinguistic Resource in Chinese as a Foreign Language 2021Digital Game‐Based Learning of Formulaic Expressions in Second Language Chinese 2018Pragmatic gains in the study abroad context: Learners' experiences and recognition of pragmatic routines 2015L2 development during study abroad in China 2016Situation-bound utterances in Chinese

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