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To investigate effectiveness of teacher feedback and modeling on first graders' use of singing voice and developmental music aptitude, two intact classes in one elementary school were randomly assigned to treatment or control group (n=38). Subjects received music instruction from their regular music teacher once a week for 40-minutes for the entire school year: The control group received generic feedback after singing while the treatment group received more specific feedback and modeling. Intermediate Measure of Music Audiation tonal (IMMAT) and rhythm (IMMAR) subtests were administered as pretest, midtest, and posttest. Singing Voice Development Measure (SVDM) was administered as pretest and posttest. Analyses ofcovariance indicated significant differences only for IMMAT midtest. However, the higher percentage of students in the treatment group whose singing voice achievement improved when compared with the control group suggests that further study of this treatment with a larger sample size be conducted.
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