Comparison-Induced Anchoring Effects

Abstract

We investigated the possibility that verbal comparisons (Choplin & Hummel, 2002) mediate the effects of anchors on estimation. Consistent with patterns of bias documented by previous research on anchoring effects, verbal comparisons would most often bias estimates toward anchor values. Undocumented by previous research, however, verbal comparisons would occasionally bias estimates away from anchor values. In particular, verbal comparisons ought to bias estimates away from anchor values when unknown values are judged larger (or smaller) than anchor values and the differences between unbiased estimates and anchor values are less than the differences suggested by these comparisons. We tested these predictions in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we constrained the range of acceptable estimates and

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