The Proper Mix: Balancing Motivational Orientations in Goal Pursuit

James F. M. Cornwell · Becca Franks · Edward Tory Higgins

93 citations0/0 files storedJournal of the Association for Consumer Research

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Behavioral Health and Interventions Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics Human Behavior and Motivation

Abstract

Insights concerning “balance” in health and well-being have been influential throughout history. In this article, we explore how the ancient notion of “temperament” contains a number of similarities to orientation theories in motivation science (i.e., regulatory focus theory and regulatory mode theory) and how the related notion of a “proper mix” of personality dynamics has substantial grounding in recent empirical findings. In particular, we consider the processes related to goal pursuit through the lens of such a “proper mix” of motivational orientations, noting the various downsides from which individuals may suffer if any of their motivational orientations go unchecked. When a single motivational orientation dominates the other orientations, the goal pursuit process will be compromised with ineffective methods and suboptimal outcomes. We discuss recommendations for addressing such imbalances based on the existing literature and discuss additional avenues for future research.

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References

1997Beyond pleasure and pain.2003Political conservatism as motivated social cognition.1998Promotion and Prevention: Regulatory Focus as A Motivational Principle 1997Regulatory Focus and Strategic Inclinations: Promotion and Prevention in Decision-Making 1989Choice Based on Reasons: The Case of Attraction and Compromise Effects 2001Achievement orientations from subjective histories of success: Promotion pride versus prevention pride 2001The effects of promotion and prevention cues on creativity.1982Variety Seeking Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Review

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