Does Transit-Oriented Gentrification Increase Driving?

Daniel G. Chatman · Ruoying Xu · Janice Park · Anne Spevack

35 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Planning Education and Research

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Transportation Planning and Optimization Transportation and Mobility Innovations

Abstract

Do transit-oriented development (TOD) programs cause people to drive more by displacing poorer households from transit-rich neighborhoods? We analyzed the California Household Travel Survey and the Nationwide Household Travel Survey along with selected Census data and found that higher income households reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT) more when living in TODs than do poorer households. Results from controlled analysis were similar. In addition, gentrifying neighborhoods near rail stations in California have usually become more densely populated in the last two decades. Thus, in many cases, the likely net effect of gentrification has been regional reductions in VMT. But gentrification-induced displacement without densification will likely increase VMT.

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References

1997Travel Behavior as Function of Accessibility, Land Use Mixing, and Land Use Balance: Evidence from San Francisco Bay Area 2003Socioeconomics of Urban Travel: Evidence from the 2001 NHTS 1998Does neighborhood design influence travel?: A behavioral analysis of travel diary and GIS data 2012Half-Mile Circle 2009Residential Choice, the Built Environment, and Nonwork Travel: Evidence Using New Data and Methods 2013Does TOD Need the T?2004TRAVEL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT IN CALIFORNIA 2009Residential self-selection effects in an activity time-use behavior model

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