Dual-anonymization Yields Promising Results for Reducing Gender Bias: A Naturalistic Field Experiment of Applications for Hubble Space Telescope Time

Stefanie K. Johnson · Jessica F. Kirk

36 citations0/0 files storedPublications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific

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Career Development and Diversity Gender Diversity and Inequality Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research

Abstract

Abstract Using archival data, we examine the effects of the Hubble Space Telescope Time Allocation Committee (HST TAC)'s decision to adopt a dual- rather than single-anonymous review process. The change involved removing, to varying degrees, information about the Principal Investigator (PI) with the goal of reducing bias against women. Proposals led by female PIs were significantly more likely to be accepted in the five cycles following the changes compared to the 11 cycles using a single-anonymous review system. Taking a closer look at why these changes emerged, we examined data at the reviewer-level in the cycle immediately preceding the change compared to three of the cycles after the change. We found that male reviewers rated female PIs significantly worse than they rated male PIs before, but not after, dual-anonymization was adopted.

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References

2000Multilevel Theory, Research, and Methods in Organizations: Foundations, Extensions, and New Directions 2012Science faculty’s subtle gender biases favor male students 2000Orchestrating Impartiality: The Impact of “Blind” Auditions on Female Musicians 1992Gender and the evaluation of leaders: A meta-analysis.2013Bibliometrics: Global gender disparities in science 2012Female Leadership Raises Aspirations and Educational Attainment for Girls: A Policy Experiment in India 2011Understanding current causes of women's underrepresentation in science 2019Are gender gaps due to evaluations of the applicant or the science? A natural experiment at a national funding agency

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