Green human resource management and sustainable performance: A systematic literature review

Abstract

This study analyzes the role that green human resource management (GHRM) practices play in the sustainable performance of an organization within environmental, social, and economic frameworks. The primary objective is to consolidate and structure disjointed discoveries in order to present both theoretical and practical knowledge. The review was conducted under the methodology of a systematic literature review (SLR) (PRISMA) criteria and considered 62 peer-reviewed articles published in 2020–2024. The main criteria for inclusion were the thematic relevance and quality of the selected methods used to search for articles, as determined by the applied criteria. Findings identify six core GHRM practices, which include green recruitment and selection, green training and development, green performance management, green compensation and rewards, as well as three main focuses of green employee engagement, and green workplace practices as crucial sources of sustainability outcomes. A combination of most of these practices also leads to the management of the environment, as well as the health of both employees and their financial performance. Finally, practical implications are discussed, including an exemplification of a merged structure, and theoretical implications that suggest a unified framework that could be theoretically postulated in the development of achieving sustainable gains.

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