Article2004

Bitumen in Early Ceramic Art: Bitumen‐Painted Ceramics From Late Neolithic Tell Sabi Abyad (Syria)*

Jacques Connan · O. P. Nieuwenhuyse · Abraham van As · Loe Jacobs

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Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis Archaeology and ancient environmental studies Archaeological and Geological Studies

Abstract

The paper presents the results of a chemical analysis of black pigment used to decorate pottery from Late Neolithic Tell Sabi Abyad, northern Syria (c. 6100 cal bc). The pigment appears to be bitumen. A comparison with known reference samples from modern locations of bituminous sources in the Near East suggests that the bitumen used to paint ceramics at Tell Sabi Abyad came from at least two different source areas in northern Iraq. The bitumen‐painted ceramics at Tell Sabi Abyad represent the earliest evidence attested so far of bitumen used as a pigment for pottery decoration.

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References

1999Neandertals and modern humans in Western Asia.1996Bitumen as a hafting material on Middle Palaeolithic artefacts 1999Use and trade of bitumen in antiquity and prehistory: molecular archaeology reveals secrets of past civilizations 1986Pots and Potters: Current Approaches in Ceramic Archaeology 1998The archaeological bitumens of Bahrain from the Early Dilmun period (c.2200 BC) to the sixteenth century AD: a problem of sources and trade 1976Pottery Analysis and Halaf Period Trade in the Khabur Headwaters Region 1980The Neutron Activation Analysis of Halaf and 'Ubaid Pottery from Tell Arpachiyah and Tepe Gawra

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