Auditory frequency discrimination in children with dyslexia

Lorna F. Halliday · Dorothy Bishop

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Reading and Literacy Development Phonetics and Phonology Research Language Development and Disorders

Abstract

A popular hypothesis holds that developmental dyslexia is caused by phonological processing problems and is therefore linked to difficulties in the analysis of spoken as well as written language. It has been suggested that these phonological deficits might be attributable to low‐level problems in processing the temporal fine structure of auditory cues. Evidence for this has come from studies showing poor performance of dyslexic individuals on measures of auditory frequency discrimination (FD). We compared the FD thresholds of 28 children with dyslexia to 28 age‐matched controls aged 6–13, on a task that minimised demands on short‐term memory. To investigate the mechanisms involved in potential FD deficits, FD thresholds were measured at 1 kHz, where temporal cues were available, and at 6 kHz, where they were not. The dyslexic group had significantly higher FD thresholds than controls in both the 1‐ and 6‐kHz conditions. These findings confirm that children with dyslexia often have poor FD, even when, as in this sample, they have normal language comprehension and expressive vocabulary, and when they are tested using a paradigm that minimises memory demands. However, their perceptual deficit was evident for both the 1‐ and 6‐kHz tones, and so cannot readily be explained in terms of problems in processing temporal fine structure.

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References

1999Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence 1980Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children 2008Test of Word Reading Efficiency 2012Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test 1995The evidence for a temporal processing deficit linked to dyslexia: A review 2000On the “Specifics” of Specific Reading Disability and Specific Language Impairment 2004Improving language and literacy is a matter of time 2000Dyslexia, 2nd ed.

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2019Comorbidity of Auditory Processing, Attention, and Memory in Children With Word Reading Difficulties 2016Developmental trajectories for children with dyslexia and low IQ poor readers.2016Phonological abilities in literacy-impaired children: Brain potentials reveal deficient phoneme discrimination, but intact prosodic processing 2014Phonological, temporal and spectral processing in vowel length discrimination is impaired in German primary school children with developmental dyslexia

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