Article2004

The Pros and Cons of Temporally Near and Distant Action.

Tal Eyal · Nira Liberman · Yaacov Trope B · Eva Walther

333 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics Behavioral Health and Interventions Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research

Abstract

The present research demonstrated that in considering an action, considerations against (con) the action tend to be subordinate to considerations in favor of (pro) the action in that cons are considered only if the level of pros is sufficient, whereas pros are considered independent of the level of cons (Studies 1A and IB). The authors therefore concluded that pros constitute a higher construal level than cons and predict, on the basis of temporal construal processes (Y. Trope & N. Liberman. 2003). that pros would be more salient in making decisions for the more distant future, whereas the reverse should hold for cons. As predicted, participants generated more pros and fewer cons toward new exam procedures (Study 2), public policies (Study 3), and personal and interpersonal behaviors (Studies 4-6) that were expected to take place in the more distant future. This research also examined the limiting conditions and the evaluative consequences of these shifts.

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References

1969The Handbook of Social Psychology 1972Elimination by aspects: A theory of choice.2003Temporal construal.1998The role of feasibility and desirability considerations in near and distant future decisions: A test of temporal construal theory.1994Exploring the "planning fallacy": Why people underestimate their task completion times.2000Temporal construal and time-dependent changes in preference.2002The effect of temporal distance on level of mental construal 1994The temporal pattern to the experience of regret.

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