Evidence of Transfer and Loss in Developing Second Language Writers*

Abstract

Literacy skills are thought to be transferable across languages. That is, good L1 readers and writers should be able to transfer their reading and writing abilities to the L2. However, studies of language attrition suggest that loss of language skills might influence the transfer of literacy skills from L1 to L2. This study investigates the role that transfer and/or loss of L1 writing abilities plays in the development of L2 writing proficiency. Data from native Chinese speakers enrolled in academic and preacademic English courses in American universities indicate that academic writing skills develop as a function of educational experience in L1 and in L2. There is also evidence that good LI writers tend to become good writers in their L2, but that L1 writing proficiency may decline as L2 writing proficiency increases. Furthermore, there appears to be a writing aptitude factor that imposes a ceiling on writing development both in L1 and in L2.

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