PERCEPTIONS OF MEN, WOMEN, AND CEOS: THE EFFECTS OF GENDER IDENTITY

Michael Robert Dennis · ADRIANNE DENNIS KUNKEL

90 citations0/0 files storedSocial Behavior and Personality An International Journal

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Gender Diversity and Inequality Social and Intergroup Psychology Gender Roles and Identity Studies

Abstract

Previous studies (e.g., Heilman, Block, & Martell, 1995; Heilman, Block, Martell, & Simon, 1989; Kunkel, Dennis, & Waters, 2003; Schein, 1973, 1975; Schein & Mueller, 1992) have detected differences in how participants perceive the characteristics of males and females in general and those of male and female managers, though sex-based stereotyping dissipated with the consideration of successful managers. This study, an administration of the Schein Descriptive Index (SDI, Schein, 1973) and the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974) to 220 participants (125 women and 95 men), is the second to extend the operationalization of the extant program beyond the commonplace label of manager to that of chief executive officer (CEO) and the first to find that participants' gender identities may be critical to their perceptions of similarities and differences between the sexes. While males and masculinity continue to be associated with organizational leadership attributes, individuals of either sex who express feminine orientations perceive little difference between the sexes.

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1984The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling 1974The measurement of psychological androgyny.1978Men and Women of the Corporation.2001Description and Prescription: How Gender Stereotypes Prevent Women's Ascent Up the Organizational Ladder 1973The relationship between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics.2001A Global Look at Psychological Barriers to Women's Progress in Management 1975Relationships between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics among female managers.1990Feminism and psychoanalytic theory

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