Family Socialization, Gender, and Sport Motivation and Involvement

Jennifer A. Fredricks · Jacquelynne S. Eccles

450 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports Physical Education and Pedagogy Sport Psychology and Performance

Abstract

This study uses analytic techniques to test the hypothesis that role modeling, parents’ beliefs, and the provision of experiences for the child are related to children’s perceptions of sport competence, value, and participation. Mothers and fathers and their 2nd-, 3rd-, and 5th-grade children responded to questionnaires. These 3 cohorts of children were followed for 1 year. Mothers and fathers were gender stereotyped in their beliefs and practices. Regression analyses revealed that parents’ perceptions of their children’s ability had the strongest unique relationship with children’s beliefs and participation both concurrently and over time. The results of the pattern-centered analyses demonstrated that the full set of parent socialization factors had an additive positive association with children’s outcomes.

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References

1988Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior 2000The Psychology of Survey Response 1992The development of achievement task values: A theoretical analysis 1993Age and Gender Differences in Children's Self- and Task Perceptions during Elementary School 1998Motivation to succeed.1997Time for life: the surprising ways Americans use their time 2002Children's competence and value beliefs from childhood through adolescence: Growth trajectories in two male-sex-typed domains.1990Gender Role Stereotypes, Expectancy Effects, and Parents' Socialization of Gender Differences

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