Article1990

Willingness to communicate: Differing cultural perspectives

James C. McCroskey · VIRGINIA PECK RICHMOND

248 citations0/0 files storedSouthern Communication Journal

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Communication in Education and Healthcare Language, Communication, and Linguistic Studies Cultural Differences and Values

Abstract

The general tendency to approach or avoid communication has been recognized as an important individual difference among people in a single culture for several decades. Recent research in Australia, Micronesia, Puerto Rico, Sweden, and the United States suggests large differences exist in such tendencies between people in different cultures as well as within a given culture. This research suggests such “individual” tendencies may be developed to very different degrees in dissimilar cultures. The view is taken that an understanding of the cultural impact on individual differences should be a vital component in the study of intercultural communication. Examples are drawn from research on general willingness to communicate, introversion, communication apprehension, and self‐perceived communication competence in several countries around the world.

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1975SOME EXPLORATIONS IN INITIAL INTERACTION AND BEYOND: TOWARD A DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION 2015An Introduction to Rhetorical Communication 1975The Empirical Development of an Instrument to Measure Writing Apprehension 1988Personality and interpersonal communication 1984Avoiding Communication: Shyness, Reticence, and Communication Apprehension 1988Self‐report as an approach to measuring communication competence 1976The unwillingness‐to‐communicate scale: Development and validation 1971Research in the Teaching of English

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2004Age and sex differences in willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, and self‐perceived competence 1991Willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, introversion, and self‐reported communication competence: Finnish and American comparisons 2003The Role of Gender and Immersion in Communication and Second Language Orientations 1992Communication apprehension and self‐perceived communication competence of at‐risk students 2016Reticence and willingness to communicate (WTC) of East Asian language learners

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