RESEARCH ON TRAINING TRAINERS IN PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION: AN INTRODUCTION AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Abstract

The process of applying research in special education can never be better than the local practitioner is able to make it" (Malouf & Schiller, 1995, p. 423).Implementation and maintenance of treat- ment programs by practitioners have received considerable attention in this journal.One ap- proach to meeting this need, illustrated in the following series of studies, is to teach local par- ticipants in a program or community how to provide effective training, consultation, and su- pervision to those who will implement the pro- gram (e.g., Gillat & Sulzer-Azaroff, 1994; Page, Iwata, & Reid, 1982).For example, in their discussion of the 27-year evolution, replication, and dissemination of the Teaching Family Mod- el of group-home treatment, Fixsen and Blase (1993) point out,The proper use of a treatment component with a child depends upon adequate train- ing and consultation being in place for the clinical staff person, which in turn de- pends upon skilled trainers and consult- ants being in place ... which in turn de- pends upon the program developers and researchers.... Thus, staff training may be viewed as an independent variable with re- spect to the skills of the clinical staff, but it may be a dependent variable when con- sidering program dissemination efforts.(pp.604-605) As the scope of investigation expands from treatment recipients to treatment providers, to

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