Focus on Form Through Interaction Enhancement: Integrating Formal Instruction Into a Communicative Task in EFL Classrooms

Hitoshi Muranoi

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EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning Second Language Acquisition and Learning Linguistics and Language Analysis

Abstract

This study examines the impact of interaction enhancement (IE) on the learning of English articles. IE is a treatment that guides learners to focus on form by providing interactional modifications and leads learners to produce modified output within a problem‐solving task (strategic interaction). Two different IE treatments were employed: IE plus formal debriefing (IEF), and IE plus meaning‐focused debriefing (IEM). Outcomes of these treatments were compared with the effects of non‐enhanced interaction in a quasi‐experimental study involving 91 Japanese EFL learners. Progress was measured with a pretest and two post‐tests, yielding these major findings: (1) IE had positive effects on the learning of English articles; (2) the IEF treatment had a greater impact than the IEM treatment.

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1992A power primer.1990The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning1 1996The Role of the Linguistic Environment in Second Language Acquisition 1985The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications 1999A Cognitive Approach to Language Learning 1985Communicative competence : Some roles of comprehensible input and comprehensible output in its development 1993Beyond modularity: a developmental perspective on cognitive science 1998Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition

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